On April 29, two Arizona Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Bills passed the final House vote, awaiting Democratic Governor Katie Hobbs' signature. Arizona has become the first U.S. state to mandate public fund investments in Bitcoin.
- SB 1373: Proposes a digital asset reserve fund managed by the state treasurer, allowing up to 10% annual investment in Bitcoin and other digital assets.
- SB 1025: Permits state treasury and pension systems to allocate up to 10% of available funds to virtual currencies, with a focus on Bitcoin.
At the federal level, former President Trump signed an executive order in March, directing the creation of a national Bitcoin reserve. Arizona’s move reflects growing mainstream acceptance of digital assets. According to Bitcoin Laws, 26 U.S. states have proposed similar bills. Below is the progress outside Arizona.
Strongly Supportive States
Texas
Texas shows bipartisan support for Bitcoin reserves. The Senate passed SB-21, allowing public funds to purchase Bitcoin (target: $500 billion). The bill includes a $250 million allocation from the Economic Stabilization Fund.
Key Highlights:
- HB4258: Authorizes local governments to invest in cryptocurrencies.
- Early adopter of crypto-friendly policies, attracting mining firms like Riot Blockchain.
- Effective date: September 1, 2025, if passed.
👉 Explore Texas’s crypto initiatives
Alabama
Senator April Weaver introduced SB 283, requiring Bitcoin to meet a $750 billion market cap threshold (currently only Bitcoin qualifies). Caps investments at 10% of the state budget.
- Effective date: October 1, 2025.
Minnesota
HF 2946 (the Minnesota Bitcoin Act) permits state funds to allocate to Bitcoin and accepts BTC for taxes.
- Amends 12 existing laws to integrate crypto.
- Effective date: January 1, 2026.
Steady Progress States
New Hampshire
HB302 allows up to 5% of state funds to be invested in digital assets or precious metals. Passed the House 192–179 on April 10, 2025.
Ohio
SB57 authorizes direct Bitcoin investments with a 5-year holding minimum. Pending committee review.
Utah
HB0230 initially allowed 10% crypto investments but was amended to focus on consumer protections (e.g., mining rights).
Florida
HB 487 permits 10% of public funds in Bitcoin. Passed subcommittee review on April 10.
Other states with active bills: Iowa, Missouri, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Mexico, North Carolina, Rhode Island, West Virginia.
Rejected or Stalled States
| State | Bill | Outcome |
|--------------|------------|----------------------------------|
| Oklahoma | HB1203 | Senate否决 (6–5) |
| Montana | HB429 | House否决 (59–41) |
| Pennsylvania | HB2664 | Terminated in March 2025 |
| North Dakota | N/A | Failed |
| South Dakota | N/A | Delayed due to volatility |
| Wyoming | HB0201 | Stalled |
FAQs
1. Why is Arizona significant?
Arizona is the first state to legally mandate Bitcoin investments for public funds, setting a precedent for others.
2. Which state has the largest proposed Bitcoin reserve?
Texas aims for $500 billion, funded partly by its Economic Stabilization Fund.
3. Are rejected bills likely to resurface?
Unlikely in the near term, but future sessions may revisit the topic as crypto adoption grows.
Arizona’s breakthrough signals a shift toward Bitcoin as a "digital gold" reserve. While challenges remain, the trend reflects broader acceptance of cryptocurrencies in mainstream finance.